Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) is caused by reduced 21-hydroxylase activity, leading to excessive adrenal androgens and premature pubarche (PP); idiopathic PP (IPP) is its main differential diagnosis. The gold standard for the differential diagnosis is ACTH stimulation test (ST); this test also estimates the adrenal cortisol reserve in NCCAH patients.Objectives: To compare the clinical characteristics and baseline hormo...

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common health problems worldwide and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. Although environmental factors play a substantial role in the etiology, genetic susceptibility has been established as an important risk factor. Several recent genome-wide studies and linkage analysis testing have identified and confirmed various T2D susceptibility loci. However, as demonstrated by the results of the HapMap project and by other s...

Obesity and thyroid function in children – cross-sectional study.Background: Obesity in children has been increasing dramatically, with a significant increase in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases risk. The role of thyroid dysfunction has been extensively analyzed in obese adults, but to a limited extent in children.Aims: To estimate the prevalence of hyperthyrotropinemia in obese children and to analyze the influence of BM...

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are known to have a higher risk of developing other autoimmune diseases. The most common associated disorders are thyroid autoimmunity (Graves’ disease or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) and celiac disease.The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of other autoimmune disorders in T1DM patients of our clinic.Methods: We reviewed 269 files of children and adolescents w...

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) plays an essential role in the evaluation of thyroid nodular disease (TND). It reduces the rate of unnecessary thyroid surgery for patients with benign nodules, and allows the choice of the appropriate surgery. In our department, 2124 FNAB were performed in 10 years. 60% of them are now ultrasound guided (UGFNAB).Objective: To access the accuracy of FNAB in our hospital.Methods: Re...

Introduction: Androgen-producing tumors are a rare cause of hyperandrogenism (±0.2%). Ovarian steroid cell tumors represent <0.1% of all ovarian tumors. They may present at any age and in 12–50% of cases are associated with virilization. The majority of these tumors are benign or low-grade malignanies.Clinical case: A 74-year-old female patient, with history of vaginal hysterectomy for genital prolapse at the age of 50, is referred to Endoc...

Introduction: Recently, the American Diabetes Association has proposed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a diagnostic criteria for diabetes (HbA1c≥6.5%) and prediabetes (5.7%≤HbA1c≤6.4%).Aims: To compare HbA1c with fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as diagnostic criteria for diabetes and prediabetes, in obese patients; to calculate its sensitivity and specificity when compared with standard diagnostic criteria.<p c...

Levothyroxine (L-T4) is the mainstay of treatment of hypothyroidism. Marked elevation of thyrotropin (TSH) in patients on high replacement doses is rare and can result from malabsorption, drug interaction or poor compliance. The levothyroxine absorption test is required to distinguish these causes and has proved to be safe. This test measures the serum free thyroxine (FT4) response to 1 mg of oral L-T4 over 4–24 h.Clinical cases: Case no 1: A 28-yea...

Introduction: Thyroglossal duct cysts (TDC) are a very frequent congenital neck mass and are mostly benign. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) originating from a TDC represents an infrequent finding. Usually, the diagnosis is only made postoperatively after cyst’s excision.Case report: A 38-years old female patient was referred to the Endocrinology department due to Graves’ disease. She had been treated with antithyroid drugs for 18 months witho...

Introduction: The simultaneous occurrence of two drug-induced thyroid dysfunctions is rare. We present a case of central hypothyroidism due to bexarotene (BXC), followed by Interferon-α (IFNα)-induced Graves’ disease (GD) thyrotoxicosis after 2 years.Case Report: A 56-year-old man with no prior thyroid disease was diagnosed with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and commenced treatment with BXC 600 mg/day and IFNα 90 mg/week concurrently. Aft...